Daily Class Sailing Areas

You will be together with your students for three full days. It is critical that you spend as much time as possible “on the boat”. No more than 20% of the total time should be in the classroom.

That means, a maximum of 5 hours, including introductions, lectures, and testing!

It is recommended that two of the days be spent inside Marina Bay conducting maneuvers. One day must include a “trip” to the Keller Cove “practice area”. While at Keller Cove, stop in at Brickyard Cove to show the students the public dock and let them know where bathrooms might be found.

Classroom

A complete review of day one and two topics should be presented at the beginning of day three. This will help to “cement” the learning, and get the class ready for new topics.

New Terms to Introduce:

• Abaft
• Steaming Light (aka: Mast Head Light)

Navigation Lights

Conduct a discussion of Navigation Lights … During times of restricted and/or limited visibility.

• Green light on starboard … visible from straight ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on the starboard side
• Red light on port … visible from straight ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on the port side.
• White light on the stern … visible from 22.5 degrees abaft the beam around the stern to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on the other side.
• Steaming Light (AKA Mast Head Light) … White light visible from 22.5 degrees abaft the beam around the bow to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on the other side.

Conduct a discussion of hypothermia.

• Mild
  • Blue lips
  • Shivering
  • Get out of the cold and into warm to allow the body to re-heat
  • Warm liquids are OK, but nothing hot
• Moderate
  • Sometimes looks like intoxication – Difficulty speaking clearly
  • Loss of muscle control
  • Get out of the cold and into warm. Apply mild external warmth (nothing hot). Body to body contact if nothing else is available.
  • NO liquids at all
• Sever – Immediate emergency attention by trained professionals.

Onboard Skill Testing

Most of the sailing skills will have been introduced during days one and two. Use day three to practice and perfect those skills.

The onboard portion of day three should be devoted to practicing all maneuvers learned during the class.

Use the reverse side of the ASA BKB test answer sheet as a guide to the skills to be reviewed.

Written Test

In most cases, the test will take participants approximately, one hour, however, two hours should be allotted in case additional time is needed.

It is recommended that the test be administered in the morning, however, conditions and classroom availability may cause the test to be postponed until afternoon.

Day Two Classroom

A complete review of day one topics should be presented at the beginning of day two. This will help to “cement” the learning, and get the class ready for new topics. Topics to review include:

• All knots
• Boat Parts
• Sailing Terms Learned
• Wind Directions and Points of Sail
• Commands and process to raise sails, tack, and jib
• Commercial Vessel Traffic and expected hazards in the BKB Area of Operation, reviewing:
• Local Area Charts

Introduce and/or review the “Rules of the Road”

• Overtaking Rule (Rule 13)
• Power-driven vessels approaching each other head-on (Rule 14)
• Power-driven vessel with another power-driven vessel on starboard side (Rule 15)
• Power vessel approaching a sailing vessel
• Sailing vessel on starboard tack approaching sailing vessel  on port tack
• Two sailing vessels on same tack (leeward/windward)
• Commercial Traffic
  • Restricted Ability to Maneuver
  • Fishing
• Meaning of 5 short (1 second) blasts of a sound signal

New Terms to Introduce

• Stand-on Vessel
• Give-way Vessel
• Overtaking Vessel
• Starboard Tack
• Port Tack
• Leeward
• Windward
• Short Blast

Aids to Navigation (ATONs)

A diagram or graphic aid will greatly assist with the explanation of the various ATONs.  Examples include (see also the Appendix)

• AIDS TO NAVIGATION, An ASA Quick Reference Guide to Navigation Aids
• The American Sailing Association’s SAILING MADE EASY, page 99
• A white board drawing of the Marina Bay/Portero Reach area, with channels outlined and marked

Describe and explain the following Aids to Navigation:

Lateral Marks

Red-Right-Return (keep the red lateral marks to the right (starboard) side when returning to port)

• Green
  • Odd numbers
  • Flat on top
• Red
  • Even numbers
  • Pointed or conical tops
• Preferred Channel
  • Multi-Color (Red over Green or Green over Red)
  • Top color is “preferred”
  • May be lettered

• Safe Water
  • AKA Mid Channel Mark
  • Red & White Vertical Stripes
  • May be lettered
• Regulatory/Advisory
  • White background
  • Black Letters
  • Orange geometric shape (e.g. circle or diamond)
  • Regulate topics like speed, swimming areas, and shallow areas

Charts

Use the Chart No. 18649, ENTRANCE TO SAN FRANCISCO BAY, for this discussion.

New Terms to Introduce:

• Soundings
• Fathom
• Mean Lower Low Water

There are 2 low tides each day in San Francisco Bay. Mean Lower Low Water is the average of the lower of the 2 lows each day over a 19 year period of time. That average became zero.

Use the chart to indicate the limits of the Bronze Fleet “Practice Area”. If you follow the recommended location plan, day 2 will take you to Keller Cove, and allow the opportunity to reinforce the Practice Area, ATON’s and the information found on the chart.

Using the chart, point out and discuss the following:

• Chart Title
• Chart Number
• Sounding In …
• Discuss the difference between feet, meters, and fathoms
• White vs. blue areas of chart
• Explore the depths in several areas, including the area between Marina Bay and Brooks Island
• Mean Lower Low Water
• Distance Scale
• ATON’s the participants will see in the area of Marina Bay, the Potrero Reach, and Keller Cove (the Practice Area)

Make sure to point out the various ATONs mentions in the previous sections, and how they are used.

Maneuvering Under Sail

Tacking and Jibing with Main and Jib

If not done on day one, early on day two the class should begin sailing under main and jib.

Points to cover regarding sailing under main and jib include:

• Use of the self-tailing cleat on the winch
• Working sheet vs. lazy sheet
• Having the lazy sheet “ready” with two wraps around the winch
• Trimming with the winch handle
• Timing when releasing and trimming sheets during tacks and during jibes
• Winch safety

Heave To

Explain how the wind in the “backwinded” jib turns the boat away from the wind, while the rudder pushed toward leeward turns the boat into the wind.  These two forces cancel each other. 

The boat slowly “rocks” back and forth, and moves generally to leeward. This is a great opportunity to reef if the boat is hove to on a starboard tack.

Steps for Heaving To

1. From a Close Haul … Helmsperson checks for traffic and obstacles in the area the boat will be turning into.
2. Helmsperson issues the command “Prepare to heave to”.
3. Crew will make sure they are safely positioned, and respond “Ready”.
4. After all crew have responded “Ready”, the helmsperson will announce “Helms-a-lee”, and move the tiller to the leeward side of the boat to begin a turn thru the wind.
5. The Jib remains cleated.
6. As the boat turns, the main will begin to luff, and move to the other side of the boat. When the main is on the new side, release the main sheet and allow the mainsail to ease out and continue to luff.
7. As the boat comes onto the new tack, the jib will “backwind”.
8. Move the tiller to the new leeward side of the boat.

To “sail out” of a hove to position, center the tiller, trim the main, and bring the jib across to the leeward side of the vessel.

Safety Note:
A boat that is “hove to” is still legally underway, and subject to the rules of the road with regard to stand on/give way vessel responsibilities

Figure 8 Crew Overboard

Use the acronym START

S … Shout
T … Throwable
A … Appoint a pointer
R … Beam Reach
T … Tack Back

The goal of the figure 8 crew (COB) overboard recovery is to complete the final approach to the COB on a close reach with main and jib luffing.

1. Shout … “Man overboard”
2. Throw … Throw the Type IV PFD(s)
3. Appoint … One crew member should have the responsibility of continuously pointing at the COB. In waves, a person in the water is easily lost in the wave troughs. The larger the waves, the more critical the pointer’s role becomes.
4. Reach … as quickly as possible; bring the boat to a beam reach. Prepare the crew and boat for a tack … Sale approximately 6 to 8 boat lengths away.
5. Tack … Tack all the way around to a broad reach. The most common mistake in a figure 8 COB recovery is stopping the turn when pointed back to the victim in the water. At best, this will be a beam reach, and there will be no way to luff the sails enough to stop the boat beside the victim. While on a broad reach, set both sails loosely!
6. Come up to a close reach … when the COB is approximately 45 degrees off the bow on the windward side, come to a close reach. This point of sail should allow the COB to be positioned to leeward of the boat. All sails should be luffing at this time. If not, release the jib and/or main to allow them to luff, and the boat to slow to a stop.

Stress the importance of practicing crew overboard recoveries. If and when a crew member does go overboard, chaos will rule

Practice and “muscle memory” will likely be the only thing that gets you back to the person in the water.

Reefing Underway

Reefing underway may be completed while hove to, or while sailing on a close haul under jib alone. The steps to putting a reef in the main or jib can be found in the Introduction to Sail Handling section.

Anchoring

At a minimum, anchoring should be discussed as a safety measure in the event of engine and/or sail failure. A quickly deployed anchor can save a boat from grounding or moving into the path of other vessels.

If time is available, it is recommended that the class anchor at least one time while under sail.

Anchoring Under Sail

1. Approach the location to lower the anchor on a close reach with the mainsail luffing, and the jib furled.
2. As the boat slows to a stop at the desired location, backwind the mainsail. This will allow the boat to be pushed backward with sufficient speed to allow rudder control.
3. Lower the anchor to the bottom, and pay out sufficient rode to secure the boat.
4. Cleat the rode securely.

Clean Up and Debrief

Follow the steps found in day one.

Classroom Discussion

Introductions

• Introductions
• Materials
• Liability Forms
• Physical Restrictions and Special Considerations
• Logistical Considerations
• Class Timing
• Discuss Commercial Vessel Traffic and expected hazards in the BKB Area of Operation, reviewing:
  • Local Area Charts
  • Expected Shipping Traffic (check with staff or visit marinetraffic.com, and enter RCH into “Ports.”)
  • Local Notices to Mariners

Dock and Boat Safety

Safety Note: One hand for yourself, one hand for the boat.

Hazards:

• Ask the students to identify what they consider to be “hazards” encountered on the dock.  Examples:
  • Uneven dock sectionsHoses and Hose bibsCleatsAnchors on other boatsDock lines (Flemish coiled vs. un-coiled)
  • Personal gear
• Ask the students to identify what they consider to be “hazards” on the boat.  Examples:
  • Lines (such as sheets and halyards)
  • Slippery surfaces
  • Open hatches

Safe Boarding:

Students should be introduced to each new term and/or boat part as encountered in the lesson plan.  For example, shroud, lifeline, boom, deck, and cockpit may be introduced during the Safe Boarding exercise.

• Demonstrate the proper method of boarding a boat at the shrouds
• Firmly hold a shroudAnnounce in a loud voice “Stepping Aboard”
• Step up onto the gunwale of the boat with both feet outside of the lifelinesStep over the lifelines while continuing to hold firmly to a shroud
• Gain a new handhold (e.g. boom, winch, etc.) and carefully move into cockpit

No gear should be held or carried during the boarding process.  All gear will be handed from the dock to a person onboard.

Line Handling

Demonstrate and Practice Basic Knots

• Cleat Hitch
• Clove Hitch
• Round Turn with Two Half Hitches
• Figure 8 Knot
• Bowline
• Reef Knot

Coils

• Locking Coil

While still on the dock is a good opportunity to demonstrate and practice the:

• Cleat Hitch
• Clove Hitch
• Round Turn with Two Half Hitches
• Figure 8 Stopper Knot

Use the dock lines to demonstrate and practice the cleat hitch. Using the fenders to tie the Clove Hitch and Round Turn with Two Half Hitches will also allow for a discussion of the need for and use of fenders. Explain the importance of using a stopper knot on the jib sheets. Demonstrate and practice the figure 8.

Terminology

Students should be introduced to each new term and/or boat part as encountered in the lesson plan. For example, shroud, lifeline, boom, deck, and cockpit should have been introduced during the Safe Boarding exercise previously completed.

Getting the boat ready to sail

Assign a “Skipper” for the day. 

• The skipper will complete the Skipper’s Log and Pre-Post Checklist, using the other class members to complete tasks as required.
• Each participant will be assigned the role of “Skipper” for one day during the class.
• The “Skipper” will typically be the first to do each new exercise.

Discuss the roles for the various positions.

• Skipper … safe operation of the boat, and safety of the crew
• Helmsperson … steers the boat
• Crewmember … assists in the safe operation of the boat

Watch/Lookout … Discuss Rule 5 of the NAVIGATION RULES
“Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.”

Complete the checkout log. Encourage the students to capture Tide, Current, and basic Weather information in the space provided. Each participant should complete a paper version and an electronic version during the three days of class.

Where the checkout log requests wind direction and speed, indicate the observed conditions at the dock. This is not forecast information. Incorporate the observed conditions into your LOT discussion.

Tide Books

A Tide Book contains a great deal of information that is neither needed nor relevant at this stage of the students sailing career.

Cover the following points in detail:

• Tide is the level of the water
  • Zero in the tide book is based on the average low tides every day over a 19 year time span.
  • Additional information will be covered in the day two discussion of Charts.
• Current is the movement of the water.  A high tide of 6 feet, lowering to 1 foot means 5 feet of water needs to “leave” the bay.

Other areas in the Tide Book, such as tide and current offsets, current maps, and phone number lists will be explored in Basic Coastal Cruising and Bareboat Charter.

SAFETOGO

S … Safety Equipment
A … Atmosphere
F … Floorboards
E … Engine
T … Tides and Currents
O … Onboard rigging
G … Gas (or Diesel)
O … Steering

Safety gear checked and gear stowed

Equipment required by the US Coast Guard on a 20’ to 26’ Sailboat

• “Life Jacket” – A properly fitting PFD for each person
• Type IV ”throwable” PFD – Requirements state the Type IV must be “readily accessible” which is normally understood to be in the cockpit
• Visual Distress Signal – In the bronze fleet boats, only a day time approved flag is available, as these boats only operate in day time
• Sound Signal – The sound signal should be readily accessible in the cockpit
• Type BI Fire Extinguisher – The gauge should be “in the green”, the red trigger safety should be in place, and the fire extinguisher must be securely mounted
• Vessel registration or documentation – An original State registration or a USCG Documentation card must be onboard. If State registered in California, a properly displayed CF number must be displayed on each side of the bow. If USCG Documented, the documentation number must be permanently affixed
• ABC’s of California Boating Law (required by the State of California, not the USCG)

Equipment recommended by the ASA (Required by TWSC)

• Anchor and rode
• First Aid Kit
• Boarding Ladder
• Boat Hook
• Fenders (3 fenders for the Capri’s) – Two are located in the lazarette and one hanging on the port side stern pulpit

New Terms to Introduce

• Port
• Starboard
• Stern Pulpit
• Bow Pulpit
• Lazarette
• Lifeline
• Stanchion

Atmosphere Good for Sailing

Capture observed wind conditions and weather forecast information in the Skippers Log (e.g. SW 10 … forecast notes: SW 15-25)

Floorboards/Bilge Dry

• Check under floorboards
• Demonstrate manual bilge pump operation

Engine Valves Open

This is a good time to cover set up and starting of the outboard motors (see Outboard Motor Setup and Operation below).

Tides and Currents Determined

Capture the Tide and Current information in the Skippers Log

On Deck Rigging OK

Discuss the standing rigging, and have the class do a pre-sail inspection

Standing Rigging Terms to introduce:

• Standing Rigging
• Headstay/Forestay
• Roller Furler
• Backstay
• Shroud
• Spreader
• Chainplate

Discuss the running rigging and have the class rig the boat for sailing

Running Rigging Terms to introduce:

• Running Rigging
• Topping Lift
• Traveler
• Halyard
• Jib Sheet(s)
• Main Sheet
• Boom Vang

Rig the boat for sailing

• Remove canvas
• Rig the main halyard
• Center the traveler
• Ready the main and jib sheets for use
• Ready the furling line (should be cleated and coiled, but ready for quick use)

Safety Note:
Discuss the importance of ALWAYS having the boat rigged for sailing. NEVER leave a dock without doing so

Gas (fuel) okay and Vent Open

Verify level of fuel and note in Pre-Cruise Check List – This is a good time to complete the Outboard Motor Setup and Operation step below.

O Wheel (steering ok)

Verify proper operation of steering equipment

New Terms to introduce when discussion steering:

• Tiller
• Rudder

COOL

Coolant

• When the motor starts, immediately confirm proper cooling by checking for water spraying from the back of the motor

Oil (does not apply to the Capri’s)

Overboard Lines

• Check all around the boat for any line that may be in the water
• Ready all dock lines for departure

New Terms to introduce

• Breast Line
• Bow Line
• Stern Line
• Spring Line

Remove the spring lines (coil and stow)

“Double up” the breast lines for control from the boat.

Discuss, demonstrate and practice getting a line onto the dock by casting and/or use of a boat hook. to section

Outboard Motor Setup and Operation

Safety Note:

Demonstrate the engine setup, starting, and stowing process. Have each participant setup, start, and stow the motor.

Fuel Tank

• Open Vent
• Check fuel level and note on Pre-Cruise Check List

Un-Tilt the Motor

• Demonstrate tilt release lever position and operation
• Motor should not be left in full forward tilt position when the boat is put away – One “click” only

Lower the Motor Mount Bracket

• Lower motor to bottom position to start and run

Attach the fuel supply line

• Fuel lines on the Capri’s are left attached at all times. The connection should be check for leakage
• Pressurize the fuel system using the “bulb”. Do not over pump

Starting Motor

• Attach Shut-Off “Key” (kill switch)
• Shift to neutral
• Throttle up to “start” position with the molded triangle lined up with the square
• If engine is cold
  • Pull out choke
  • Slowly pull starting cable one time to prime carburetor
• One “quick, hard” pull of the starting cable to should start the motor
• If out, immediately press the choke in
• Throttle down to idle position

If the engine has previously been started, the choke and prime steps are not needed.

Motor Shut Down

Shut down and stow the motor in essentially the reverse order of the previous steps

• Verify the motor is in Neutral
• Remove the Shut Off “Key” (replace as soon as the motor dies)
• Disconnect the fuel line and stow the fuel line in the fuel locker
• Raise the motor to the top bracket position
• Place the motor in forward
• Use the handle on the aft end of the motor to slowly tilt the motor.  Stop when a click is heard

Motoring Skills

The day’s skipper should assign positions for the departure. The skipper will assume the role of helmsperson.

With the dock lines still attached, the helmsperson should practice the following until he/she is comfortable doing it WITHOUT LOOKING.

• Throttle up
• Throttle down
• Shift into forward
• Shift into reverse

Stress the importance of being able to handle the motor controls without looking so that control of the boat can be maintained at all times.

Each participant should depart the dock, practice motoring skills, and return to the dock, maintaining control of the vessel at all times.

Depart the Dock

Steps for Departure

• Spring lines should be removed … Bow and stern spring lines should be doubled and ready to be controlled from the boat.
• Shift (without looking) into reverse
• “Aim” the aft portion of the motor and tiller in the desired direction of travel (initially, away from the dock).
• Helmsperson should issue the command “Cast off the stern line.”  Stern line handler should comply with the command and confirm that the line has been cast off.
• With the bow line attached, allow the motor to pull the stern away from the dock. 
• When sufficient angle has been obtained to clear any obstructions behind, the helmsperson should issue the command “Cast off the bow line”.  The bow line handler will comply with the command and confirm that the line has been cast off.
• Simultaneous with casting off the bow line, the throttle should be increased slightly, causing the boat to pull away from the dock.
• The helmsperson should steer the boat in reverse down the fairway at a safe speed.
• Continue backing down the fairway until well clear of boats, docks, and rocks.  When safe, turn (while still backing) into the large turning area between D and E docks.
• Transition (without looking at controls) into forward.

Section Name

At a minimum, each participant should perform the following maneuvers.

• Motor in forward using the tiller only to turn the boat to port, starboard, and figure 8s.
• Motor in forward using the tiller and motor to turn “quickly” to port and starboard.
• Transition into reverse and practice turning to port, starboard, and figure 8s.  Explore the difference in turning with tiller only and tiller motor combination.
• While in reverse increase the speed.  Point out the “pressure” felt on the tiller and discuss the results of letting go of the tiller while in reverse.  Letting go of the tiller while traveling fast in reverse will case the boat to abruptly and dangerously change direction.
• Discuss the impact of the wind during transitions.

Return to the Dock

Docking should be practiced in a safe area before attempting to dock for real.  The recommended location to practice is at the “D” Dock pump out station on the same side (north side) as the boats are normally docked.

• Bow and stern lines and line handlers should be in place.
• Approach the dock slowly and under control from an angle of 30 to 45 degrees.
• The bow of the boat should be directed to the cleat it will come to rest at.
• Use neutral, forward, and reverse to bring the boat to a stop just before contact with the dock.
• With the boat at a stop, the bow line handler should “capture” the cleat on the dock.  The line may be cast to the cleat or a boat hook may be used to assist.  Once the line is attached, the line handler will announce “bow line on”.
• The helmsperson should now place the boat into reverse, point the aft end of the motor and tiller at an angle towards the dock, and pull the stern to the dock.  Once at the dock, the stern line can be attached to the dock and the announcement “stern line on” made.
• The motor may now be shifted into neutral

Lunch

A 30 minute lunch break should be allotted at the appropriate time.  In many cases, lunch time will fall in the middle of the initial docking and motoring exercises.

Lunch

A 30 minute lunch break should be allotted at the appropriate time.  In many cases, lunch time will fall in the middle of the initial docking and motoring exercises.

The Mainsail

Recommended Sail Handling Exercises:

1. Demonstrate and practice raising and lowering the Mainsail
2. Demonstrate and practice putting in a reef
3. Demonstrate and practice deploying and furling the Jib

All of the “Sail Handling” exercises should be introduced while tied head to wind at the dock, or on a mooring ball.

Sail Handling Terminology to Introduce

• Mainsail
• Head
• Tack
• Clew
• Batten
• Reef
• Jib/Genoa
• Foot
• Luff
• Leech
• Batten Pocket
• Cringle (Grommet)

Raising the Mainsail

With the boat positioned “head to wind” the skipper/Helms person issues the command to “Prepare to hoist the main”

The crew:

• Removes the sail ties
• Slacks the main sheet
• Slacks the boom vang
• Places approximately 3 wraps of the halyard around the halyard winch
• Responds “Ready”
• Skipper/Helmsperson issues the command “Hoist the main”

The crew will now raise the mainsail, pulling on the halyard by hand until it gets difficult, at which time a winch handle may be used for mechanical assistance.

Lowering the mainsail

With the boat positioned “head to wind”, the skipper/helms person issues the command to “Prepare to Lower (or douse) the main”.

The crew:

• One crew positions him/herself forward of the mast, facing aft, with feet braced on either side of the cabin top.
• One crew opens the halyard clutch while maintaining tension on the halyard.
• Responds “Ready”

Skipper/helms person issues the command “Lower the main”

• The crew will now pull the sail down, flaking the sail as neatly as possible as it comes down
• When the sail is down and flaked on top of the boom, the sail ties should be put in place

Reefing the Mainsail

This exercise is demonstrated at the dock, or tied to a mooring ball.  Typically, reefing is completed while underway, however, it is important your crew understands a reef may be made under sail while close hauled, while raising the main, while at the dock, or even while hove to.

Steps to reefing

Remember reef early and reef often. If you think you should reef, you probably waited too long!

• Ease the main.
• Ease the main halyard while pulling down on the Reef Tack line.
• When the reef cringle is at the boom, close the clutch on the main halyard to prevent it from lowering further.
• Tighten the Reef Tack line, and put in a cleat hitch.
• Tighten the Reef Outhaul, and put in a cleat hitch.
• Trim the main halyard using the halyard winch.
• Trim the main for point of sail

The Jib

Unfurling the Jib

The jib may be raised on any reach (a broad reach may be better in stronger wind conditions). However … the jib should always be furled while on a “deep” broad reach, where the main is blanketing and de-powering the jib.

• While under mainsail, position the boat on a reach (close reach, beam reach, or broad reach)
• Note:  This exercise may be conducted while head to wind at the dock and/or mooring ball to demonstrate and practice
• Skipper/Helmsperson issues the command “Prepare to unfurl  the jib”
• Crew:
  • Un-coil and un-cleat the jib furling line, preparing it to run freely
  • Prepare the “working” sheet to pull the jib out on the same side as the boom
  • Release the “lazy sheet”
  • Respond “Ready”
• Skipper/Helmsperson issues the command “Unfurl the jib”
• Using the jib sheet on the same side of the boat as the boom, the jib is pulled out as far as is desired, while maintaining resistance on the furling line
• Once out, the remaining furling line should be securely cleated

Furling the jib

• Position the boat on a broad reach, very close to a run (this will allow the mainsail to blanket the jib, reducing the pressure on the sail and running rigging.
• Skipper/helms person issues the command
  “Prepare to furl the jib”
• Crew:
  • Un-coil and un-cleat the jib furling line
  • Prepare to ease the “working sheet”
  • Respond “Ready”
• Skipper/helms person issues the command “Furl the jib”
• The “working sheet” is eased while the jib furling line is pulled in, causing the sail to roll around the forestay.
• Continue to furl until two wraps of the sheets can be seen around the furled jib. 
• Cleat and Coil the furling line.

A reef can be placed in the jib by partially furling the sail and cleating the furling line.

Getting Under Sail

New Terms to Discuss

• Points of Sail
  • No-Sail Zone – Head to Wind – In Irons
  • Close Hauled
  • Close Reach
  • Beam Reach
  • Broad Reach
  • Run
• Heading Up
• Bearing Away
• Tack/Tacking
• Ready About
• Jibe/Jibing
• Jibe Ho
• Port Tack
• Starboard Tack
• Luffing
• Prepare to Jibe
• Jibe
• Helms a-lee
• Heel

highlighted information

• list item
• list item

Sailing Under Main Alone

The remainder of day 1 should be spent learning and practicing the following basic maneuvers under mainsail only.  Each participant should practice each of these skills from each of the crew positions onboard.

• Heading Up
• Bearing Away
• Reaching
• Close Reach
• Beam Reach
• Broad Reach
• Sailing Close Hauled
• Tacking (close reach to close reach)
• Jibing (broad reach to broad reach)

Discuss sail Trim (at all points of sail)

If conditions and the participants’ skill level allow, sailing under main and jib may be introduced on day 1, however, most classes sailing should be under main alone on day 1.

Initially, the helms person should be located on the windward side of the boat during sailing while tacking/jibing.  As each maneuver is completed, the helms person should move to the windward side.

Tacking Under Main Alone

1. While on a Close Reach or Close Haul … helms person checks for traffic and obstacles in the area the boat will be turning into.
2. Helmsperson issues the command “Prepare to Tack”.  An alternate more traditional command is “Ready About”.
3. Crew will make sure they are safely positioned, and respond “Ready”
4. After all crew have responded “Ready”, the helmsperson will announce “Helms-a-lee” (or “Tacking”), and move the tiller to the leeward side of the boat to begin the turn.

As the boat turns, the main will begin to luff, and move to the other side of the boat.  When the main is on the new side, and filled with air, the helms person will straighten the tiller stopping the turn.

Steps for Jibing under main alone.

1. While on a Broad Reach … Helms person checks for traffic and obstacles in the area the boat will be turning into.
2. Helmsperson issues the command “Prepare to Jibe”. 
3. Crew will make sure they are safely positioned.  One crew member will take up the main sheet, and all will respond “Ready”
4. After all crew have responded “Ready”, the helms person will announce “Jib-Ho”).  NO MOVEMENT of the tiller should be made at this point.
5. The crew handling the main sheet will begin to briskly haul in on the main sheet, to bring the boom to the center of the boat, making sure the sheet is NOT CLEATED”
6. As the boom nears the center of the boat, the helmsperson will begin a slow turn away from the wind (if on the windward side … by pulling toward him/herself)
7. As the boat turns past dead downwind, the main will quickly move to the other side, at which point the main sheet trimmer will smoothly and quickly allow the main sheet to run out until the mainsail is correctly trimmed for a broad reach
8. When the boat is on a broad reach, the helmsperson will center the tiller, stopping the turn.

On the Capri 22s, a crew member on the leeward side should take up the main sheet … this will help facilitate release of the sheet from the cleat while the boom crosses over.

Clean Up

Boat Clean Up

The quality of boat clean up by members is directly related to the clean-up instruction received during class.

Use the Post-Cruise List to walk through the process of putting the boat away. 

Typical time allowance following a day sail in one of the Capri’s is 30 minutes.

Boat clean-up will be required at the end of each sailing day.

Back in the Classroom

As time allows

• Answer any questions your class might have
• Review topics from the day
• Set expectation for the next class day

Included in this module are the daily agendas, equipment requirements, and basic ASA standards. At the end of each module you will be advanced to the next module for additional detail on each topic in the daily agendas.

ASA Standard

Able to skipper a sloop-rigged auxiliary powered (inboard or outboard engine) keelboat of approximately 25 to 35 feet in length by day in moderate winds (up to 20 knots) and sea conditions.

Knowledge of cruising sailboat terminology, basic boat systems, auxiliary engine operation, docking procedures, intermediate sail trim, navigation rules, basic coastal navigation, anchoring, weather interpretation, safety, and seamanship.

Recommended Class Sailing Areas

Each day’s sailing location is up to the discretion of the individual instructor. One recommend schedule of locations is as follows:

• Day 1 & 2 – Marina Bay
• Day 3 – Angel Island, Sam’s Anchor Café, Paradise Cove

Required Class Equipment

The following documents and/or equipment should be on board.

For all classes

• Type I PFD for each person on board
• USCG Commercial approved ring buoy
• Updated chart of the area (18649)
• Coast Pilot and Updated Light List
• Current Local Notice to Mariners
• Drug Test Kit
• Safety Briefing Outline
• Dock lines (4 as required by the boat)

Additional Equipment for Basic Coastal Cruising

• 25 – 30 foot long line to use as a spring/stopping line (generally one of the standard 4 dock lines)
• 100+ foot line for mooring
• Black ball day shape for anchoring
• Sufficient fenders to protect hull during sailing into slips exercises
• Hand held compass
• Chart of the area (18649)
• Parallel Rule and Dividers

Forces Acting On A Sailboat

Have a “white board” discussion of the forces that impact a sail boat, and what to expect from each. Cover each of the following:

Rudder Control

• Speed through the water produces current across the rudder.
• Current across the rudder is what provides rudder and turn control.

Wind

Pushes the boat in the same direction as the wind is blowing. The bow “blows down” faster than the stern. Left alone, the boat will slowly turn away from the wind until it is headed directly way from the wind.

Current

Pushes the boat in the same direction as the current is flowing. The orientation of the boat in relation to the current is generally not impacted. Current acts more or less equally on the bow and the stern.

Prop Walk

Prop walk is always present; however, it is generally only noticeable when in reverse. While in reverse, the back end will walk to either port or starboard depending on the direction of turn of the propeller. Direction of prop walk should be checked before an unfamiliar boat is moved.

Prop Wash

Prop wash is the action of a propeller in forward pushing current across the rudder. While in forward, if you turn the rudder, the boat will turn in the direction of the turned rudder, even without sufficient speed to have rudder control.

Inertia

A boat at rest wants to stay at rest … a boat in motion wants to stay in motion. Only an application of power will overcome inertia.

Momentum

Once in motion, the boat will want to continue in the same direction it is traveling.

Line Handling

Review the following knots learned in BKB

• Figure 8
• Bowline
• Cleat Hitch
• Clove Hitch
• Round Turn with Two Half Hitches
• Reef Knot
• Locking Coil

Introduce the following “new” knots

• Sheet Bend
• Rolling Hitch
• Double Sheet Bend

Vessel Check List

Note: The wind speed and direction questions refer to the observed conditions at the dock during the time the checkout is completed. Bay forecast information should be indicated under forecast notes.

Complete SAFETOGO and COOL procedures at this time.

Complete the pre-sail vessel checklist using BOTH the online and paper versions. Having one person do the online while another person does the part version will prevent this from taking too much time. Organize the class so that everyone has an opportunity to complete an online and a paper version during the class.

Discuss the roles for the various positions.

Skipper … safe operation of the boat, and safety of the crew

Helmsperson … steers the boat

Crewmember … assists in the safe operation of the boat

Watch/Lookout … Discuss Rule 5 of the NAVIGATION RULES

“Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.”

Terms to Introduce

• Stemhead Fitting
• Turnbuckle
• Chainplate
• Emergency Tiller
• Rode
• Ground Tackle
• Windlass
• Self-bailing Cockpit
• Binnacle
• Compass

Follow the standard SAFETOGO and COOL processes learned in BKB to get the boat ready to leave the slip and sail.

Dock lines are left on the dock. Each boat should have four stowed dock lines and a mooring line as standard equipment. The mooring line may be found in a net bag on the lazarette or on the stern pulpit.

Boat Systems
Terms to Introduce

• Hatch
• Companionway
• Cockpit Locker
• Transom
• Thru Hull Fitting
• Seacock
• Saloon
• Galley
• Head
• Auxiliary Engine
• Header Tank/Heat Exchanger
• Bilge
• Bilge Pump
• V-berth

BCC will be taught on a variety of boats with very difference systems. Each class will be exposed to three different boats and sets of boat systems.

Electrical System

Identify the vessel’s battery selector switch and power distribution panel and ensure all switches are in the proper position for getting underway.

• Examine all DC switches and discuss their purpose
• Examine all AC switches and discuss their purpose
• Ensure navigation lights (sidelights, stern light, steaming light, and anchor light) operate properly. Note any deficiencies on the Pre-Cruise List

Disconnect the AC “dock power”, using the following procedure:

1. Switch the AC power off on the boats AC Panel
2. Switch the AC power off at the dock electrical panel
3. Remove the AC power cord and stow safely on the dock

Anchor and Ground Tackle

The anchor and ground tackle should be examined. Bronze, Silver and Gold fleet boats should be equipped with two anchors, each with an appropriate length of rode.

Boats that have a primary anchors with part chain and part rope rode should also be outfitted with a mushroom anchor as a sentinel (also known as a kellet).

Prior to leaving the dock,

• The rode should be examined for ease of running out.
• The anchor should have a “snubber” attached to keep the anchor from prematurely deploying.
• All fittings and shackles should be examined.
• The bitter end should be secured to the vessel

Thru Hulls

Locate all thru hulls appropriate to the specific boat.

CRITICAL NOTE: The raw water intake for the engine MUST be open. If found in a closed position, Tradewinds staff should be notified.

With each member of the class, trace the path of the raw water

• Through the thru hull
• To the raw water strainer
• To the impeller
• Into the header tank/heat exchanger
• Out through the exhaust system

All other thru hulls should be examined and left closed unless actively being used.

Engine

Check and discuss the following:

• Verify coolant level inside the overflow tank. Generally, the header tank will not be opened to check coolant level.
• Check the oil level.  The oil level should fall between the “max fill” and “add” lines. 
  Note:  Oil that is half way between the two lines is normal, and should not be written up as “half a quart low”.  Use the “slider” in the online system to indicate oil level on the dip stick. On the paper version draw a pencil line at the level of the oil.
• Check the engine belts.  Belts should be snug, but able to deflect approximately ½ inch.  You should be able to twist the belt approximately ½ way around.

Fuel System

Check and discuss the following:

• Verify, and document on the Pre-Cruise Check List, the level of the fuel.
• Trace the path of fuel from tank to injectors.

A basic description of the fuel supply system should be provided, including:

• Fuel Tank location
• Primary fuel filter (separator)
• Secondary Filter
• High Pressure fuel pump
• High Pressure fuel lines
• Fuel Injectors  

Marine Sanitation Device

An MSD Type III is a holding tank, designed to store waste for later pump out or overboard discharge in a lawful area.

Regulations require that no discharge of raw sewage can take place within the “three mile limit.” Additional regulations may apply that restrict the discharge of waste outside the three mile limit in marine protection areas. While inside the three mile limit, the handle that allows discharge overboard must be locked in place or removed.

Head (Marine Toilet)

A key rule for the use of a marine toilet is; “If it didn’t go through you, it doesn’t belong in the head!” Bottle caps, apple cores, and feminine products have all been found in heads on Tradewinds boats. All of which were clogged. Even toilet paper has the potential to clog the system, and should be bagged in a plastic bag and stored for disposal after the sail.

Stress to each class member that a skipper MUST train his crew on the proper use of a marine toilet before leaving the dock!

Review the proper operation of the head with the class participants, making sure to point out the following:

• Water intake (this thru-hull should have been located during the inspection of thru-hulls previously conducted.)
• Wet bowl/Dry bowl switch. Note with the class that the switch should only be in the wet bowl position if the water intake valve is open. Working the pump while the thru-hull is closed and the switch is in the wet bowl position will damage the system.
• Fresh water from the sink faucet may be used to “flush” the bowl. In this case, the switch should be in the dry bowl position.

Departures & Docking (LOT)

Safety Note:
If you didn’t think about it 10 minutes ago you waited too long! Plan ahead.

In discussing LOT, it can be beneficial to have a portable white board and markers on board that can be used to draw the departure sequence for the “skippers”.

LOT is an acronym for Location, Orientation, and Transition. Every major maneuver (departure from a slip, departure from a dock, return to a slip, docking at a side tie, fairway turn, etc.) should have a formalized LOT plan in place before beginning the maneuver.

Location

Where should be boat be located when the maneuver is started. For example, when leaving the slip where should be boat be located in relation to the fairway when the transition from reverse to forward is initiated? In this case, a possible answer would be to draw an imaginary line down the centerline of the fairway, and try to put the leeward beam of the boat on that centerline.

Orientation

When orientation, or direction, should the boat be pointing before initiating the transition. To continue the above example, the boat is now located slightly to the windward side of the fairway. The orientation of the boat might be slightly to windward, so that the wind can “blow the bow” back to parallel with the fairway during the transition.

Transition

What are the steps to follow during the transition? Following the above example, the steps might be as follows:

1. Center the steering wheel when the boat is located slightly to windward in the fairway, with the bow slightly to windward.
2. Throttle down and place the transmission in neutral for a second or two.
3. Place the transmission in forward and throttle up to stop reverse momentum, bring the boat to a stop, and begin forward motion.

This same process may be used when returning to the slip to predetermine where in the fairway the approach should be made, when to commence the turn, when to go to neutral, when to go to reverse, etc.

Stress with the class the importance of planning maneuvers before beginning execution of them.

Maneuvering Under Power

Safety Note:

• Stationary crew are safer than crew in motion.
• Kneeling is safer than standing.
• Crew in the cockpit are safer than crew on deck.

Each class member in turn will act as “skipper/helmsperson” during the maneuvers shown below. The skipper should assign job responsibilities for each crew member, as well as planning for the LOT.

Depart from the slip

Teach the use of dock lines to control the effects of wind and prop walk during the early stages of departure.

• Use one line on the bow going to the dock on the windward side to “pull” the bow back to center when wind or prop walk attempts to gain control.
• Use one line at the stern leading to the dock opposite prop walk to control the impact of the prop walk.
• Start the departure with the stern pulled to the non-prop walk side.

Note: in mild wind conditions and when the wind is from behind, the bow line may not be needed.

Plan and coach proper throttle and wheel control during departure

Motor clear of the fairway(s).

In clear water, transition from forward to reverse, while maintaining a steady head to wind orientation. Discuss balancing the wind on the starboard bow to offset prop walk to port. Back in a straight line with the wind for at least 100 feet.

Conduct a Back & Fill (Fairway Turn) in safe water.

NEVER refer to the Back and Fill as an “Emergency Turn”

Conduct a Back & Fill in a fairway

Return to the slip emphasizing speed, throttle, and proper transmission gear (remember that neutral is a gear).

Docking Practice

At a minimum, during BCC, the following docking maneuvers should be learned and practiced. Additional docking maneuvers may be learned as time allows.

• Departing from and docking in a slip (upwind and downwind)
• Docking and departing from a leeward side-tie (recommended for the first day.)
• Docking and departing from a windward side-tie (recommended for the second day.)

Line Handling

Practice “capturing” a dock cleat from the boat while at the dock, prior to putting the following technique into actual use.

Using a 20 to 25 foot line, cleat one end on the dock side waist cleat (often referred to as a mid-ship cleat).

Coil the line, and split into two coils … one in each hand.

Using an “outward and upward” motion of both hands, throw both coils past the dock cleat. Make sure to hold onto the bitter end of the line.

Immediately get the bitter end of the line around a cleat on the boat to secure the line.

When using this technique while docking, make sure to stress the following safety considerations.

• The boat should be at a stop before any attempt is made to capture the dock cleat
• Body parts (hands, fingers, etc.) must be kept clear at all times!

Put the boat into slow forward motion to remove the slack from the line and pull/hold the boat to the dock.

Turn the wheel towards or away from the dock to orient the boat parallel to the dock by using prop wash.

When done properly, the line will run from the waist cleat aft to a cleat on the dock about even with the transom, then back to the waist cleat.

Sailing Skills Review

The balance of “on the water” time during day one should be spent reviewing basic sailing skills as they apply to a larger boat.

Each class participant should act as both skipper and crew during review and practice of all of the normal sailing exercises shown below.

• Bringing the boat to each point of sail in turn
  • Close Haul
  • Close Reach
  • Beam Reach
  • Broad Reach
  • Run
• Tack
• Jibe
• Heave To
• Reef
• Figure 8 Crew Overboard

Anchoring

If time allows, introduce anchoring. The recommended method and procedures are found in the Day Two section

Pump Out

Tradewinds club rules require a boat be pumped out at the end of every charter. This should be stressed with class participants.

Demonstrate proper pump out technique. Toilet should be flushed with several bowls of fresh water during pump out. Pump out and fresh water flush should continue until the water in the pump out nozzle hose runs clear.

Finishing Up

Clean the boat and finalize the check out sheets.

The instructor needs to stay with the boat and crew during this time. Provide directions as needed to make sure the boat is properly put away.

Charts

Use chart number 18649 (Entrance to San Francisco Bay) for this classroom discussion.

Review and discuss the following chart title Information

• Chart Name
• Chart Number
• Sounding in Feet/Meters/Fathoms (what is a fathom)
• Define Mean Lower Low Water
• Scale

Locate a compass rose

• Identify the True Ring vs. the Magnetic Ring.
• Discuss Variation

Demonstrate and practice the use of parallel rulers and dividers

Use a compass to obtain a two bearing fix from the top of the stairs outside Tradewinds.

• Locate two “objects” on a chart that can be seen from the top of the “D” Dock ramp and have each participant take bearings of the objects.  For example:
• The smoke stack on the Ford building bears approximately 240 degrees.
• The top of Nickols Knob bears approximately 272 degrees.
• The Southeast corner of the marina bears approximately 170 degrees.
• Transfer the bearings to the chart to determine the latitude and longitude of the top of the “D” Dock ramp
  (37°54.75’ N 122°20.74’ W)

Discuss the relationship between Distance, Speed, and Time. When any two are known, the third can be calculated.  Using the “D Street” Wheel can be a great help.

• The horizontal line means divide
• The vertical line means multiply
• Time is always expressed in hours and tenths of an hour (e.g. 2.4 hours equals 2 hours and 24 minutes)

Speed = Distance / Time

Time = Distance / Speed

Distance = Speed X Time

Boat Preparation

Have the class go to the boat assigned for the second day.  They should do a complete review of boat systems and complete the check-out prior to arrival at the boat of the instructor.  Place a 30 min time limit for “self-discovery.”   The class should “teach-back” all boat systems to the instructor prior to departure for the day’s exercises.

As with yesterday, one person should do the online checkout and one person the paper checkout.

Boat Handling

Have each class participant conduct the same basic boat handling drills covered in day one.

Basic boat handling skills

• Departure from the slip
• Motoring clear of the fairway(s)
• In clear water, transition from forward to reverse, while maintaining a steady head to wind orientation
• Back & Fill (Fairway Turn) in clear water
• Back & Fill in a fairway
• Return to the slip

Returning To The Slip

In most cases, Windfall is used for the first day class, and the return to her slip is straight down the fairway. No “90 degree” turns are needed. The boat used for day two and three are located toward the middle of the fairway and require an approach down the middle and a 90 turn into the slip.

An easy tip to determine the correct timing of the turn follows:

• Approach the slip down the middle of the fairway. Do not stay close to the side. It is not needed, unless a strong wind requires you to stay to the windward side of the fairway.
• When a point halfway down the far “finger” of your slip is lined up with the end of the closer finger of your slip, begin the turn.
• In a Tradewinds slip, a dock cleat marks the halfway point and makes a good visual.

Sailing Review

As time allows, have each class participant act as skipper and crew during review and practice of all of the normal sailing exercises, including:

• Bringing the boat to each point of sail in turn
• Tack
• Jibe
• Heave To
• Figure 8 Crew Overboard
• Reef

Anchoring

In the BCC class, participants learn how to anchor with a single anchor off the bow.  Discuss anchoring lights, day shapes, and general anchorages.  Display the black ball day shape while anchoring.

Motoring

Motor past the point where you intend to drop the anchor and set boat up with the wind on the proper bow to offset prop walk. Put boat into reverse and proceed until you are going in reverse under control, meaning you have steerage. Continue in reverse at a slow speed but under control, until you have reached the spot where you intend to lower anchor.

Lower Anchor

Lower anchor and pay out proper amount of rode. Go at slow enough speed for safe deployment of the rode.

Stop Boat

When you have reached 7:1 scope, stop the boat, then secure the rode.

Set Anchor

Let the wind set the anchor. Check for drag and rode angle for proper amount of scope. Adjust as necessary.

Challenge

Challenge or set anchor by putting boat into reverse and very … very … very slowly apply power to carefully set the anchor. Check for drag using two objects in range.

Hand Signals

Discuss and agree upon hand signals for the following:

1. Lower the anchor
2. Cleat the rode
3. Rode going under boat

Weighing Anchor

1. Un-cleat rode. Take tension out of the rode by powering very … very … very slowly forward and have crew un-cleat rode.
2. Pull Forward at a safe speed until rode is straight down
3. Stop Boat and secure rode on a cleat
4. Loosen Anchor by putting the boat into reverse. Slowly increase power to break anchor loose.
5. Raise the anchor the rest of the way and secure in the bow roller.

Hand Signals

Additional hand signals are needed while raising the anchor.

1. Direction and angle of rode and direction of travel
2. Go to neutral, forward, and reverse
3. Bring the boat to a stop
4. Raise anchor
5. Rode going under the boat.

Sailing Into Slips

Additional fenders may be required to protect the boat. They can be found in the shed outside Tradewinds near the front gate.

Determine which side of the boat will most likely impact the dock while practicing sailing into slips, and line the hull with fenders.

Sailing into an upwind slip

Sailing into an upwind slip is accomplished under mainsail only. As the boat turns into the slip, the sail is allowed to luff. Turning into the wind may be sufficient to bring the boat to a stop, however, generally the boat is allowed to bump into and drag down the dock finger to stop. Make sure the hull is well protected with fenders!

As the boat comes to a stop, a dock line should be secured as soon as possible.

Sailing into a downwind slip

Sailing into a downwind slip is accomplished under jib only. It is extremely difficult to de-power a main sail while going downwind.

In most cases, the jib will be partly furled (1/3 to 1/2) when approaching the fairway. Several slips away from the destination slip, the jib is furled the rest of the way, and the boat is allowed to coast into the slip.

The boat will not stop while being pushed downwind, therefore, it is critical to bump into and drag a well-protected hull down the dock finger. As the boat comes to a stop, a dock line should be secured as soon as possible!

Backing Into A Side Tie Dock

Under “normal” Marina Bay wind conditions, use the D Dock pump out station dock to practice docking on and departing from the windward side of a dock.

This docking will be performed using astern propulsion.

• Gain control of the boat in reverse while in open water away from the dock.
• End your approach to the dock from an angle of approximately 30 degrees. The easiest way to do this is to approach parallel to the dock about 15 or 20 feet away from a line extending out from the dock.
• When the middle of the pump out station dock is approximately 30 degrees off your transom, turn the boat to approach the dock.
• When 3 or 4 feet away from the dock, straighten the boat to parallel with the dock.
• Bring the boat to a stop, and allow the wind to “push” the boat gently against the dock.

Remember that prop walk may assist in bringing the stern over to the dock or pull the stern away depending on orientation. Port prop wall will pull the stern away in this instance.

The wind will tend to blow the bow faster than the stern. Orienting the bow slightly to windward before stopping may help the boat to come up to the dock parallel.

Possible L.O.T. Plan:

Location: Come to a stop with the port side approx. 3 to 4 feet off the dock

Orientation: Bow slightly to windward … Bow further from dock than the stern.

Transition

• Center the wheel
• Shift into neutral, than forward to bring the boat to a stop
• Allow the wind to blow the bow to the dock, and prop walk to pull the stern to the dock
• Using the motor, hold the boat in position while getting bow and stern breast lines onto the dock. The stern line is the more important line in this case, as the wind will generally hold the bow over to the dock.

Departing the Dock
Springing the Stern Out

A boat at rest against the windward side of a dock can be a challenge when departing.  Generally, the most efficient method of overcoming the wind is through the use of a spring line. 

Springing off the bow

• Use a spring line from the boat’s stern, forward to a dock cleat located about mid-ships.
• Place the motor into reverse. The boat will back against the spring line, and when it reaches its limit, the bow will begin to swing away from the dock.
• When sufficient clearance has been gained, shift into forward and motor clear of the dock removing the line as you go.

Safely Note:
Never use a line that has a loop or knot in the bitter end. Doing so can result in the line getting jammed in the dock cleat!

Safely Note:
Take care to make sure the line does not get tangled or wrapped around the dock cleat during removal!

End of the Day

1. Pump Out
2. Clean Up (pay special attention to the anchor)
3. Close out the check out forms